TERMS & IDENTIFICATIONS
Below are significant terms that you will be held responsible for on the mini-exams on Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. All of these terms are covered in the reading, and most of them will also be covered in lecture. They are given roughly in "order of appearance" during the weeks we are studying each respective tradition, and are generally marked as either a person, place, thing, and/or idea.
Some terms are given in English, with the original Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek, Latin or Arabic (and so forth) in translation; other terms are given only in their original language form, signifying that you need to know this "foreign" term for examination purposes. Spelling will not "count" (as long as we can tell what you mean), especially since English versions of foreign terms terms may vary from source to source.
Terms from Judaism
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Abraham Moses covenant (berit) diaspora (galut) Ashkenazi/Sephardi Torah TaNaK (Torah, Nevi'im, Ketuvim) Hebrew/Aramaic the Temple Jerusalem Oral Torah Mishnah Talmud Midrash aggadah Karaites monolatry YHWH hellenism covenant loyalty (hesed) monotheist confession (shema) Kabbalah chariot mysticism (merkavah) |
Zohar messiah kings, prophets, priests Aaron David rabbis/sages Dead Sea community Hasidism Reform, Conservative, Orthodox havurah synagogue New Year's, Day of Atonement, Passover halakah Sabbath circumcision marriage (kiddushin) 10 commandments mitzvah (and the 613 mitzvot) Moses Maimonides dietary law (kashrut) charity (tzedakah) tikkun olam |
Terms from Christianity
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Jesus ([the] Christ) crucifixion/resurrection Paul orthodoxy/heresy Protestant Reformation "cuius regio, eius religio [to each region its own religion]" ecumenism New Testament/Old Testament gospels canon allegorical interpretation the Book of Mormon inerrantism/fundamentalism "sola scriptura [by scripture alone]" Trinity creed ecumenical council christology incarnation divinization Montanism Deism Unitarianism disciples apostles "routinization of charisma" bishops, priests, and deacons "gnostics" patriarchs popes investiture conflict |
Martin Luther John Calvin Presbyterianism Congregationalism Society of Friends ("Quakers") feminist theology baptism eucharist transubstantiation "seven sacraments" sermons Lord's Day Easter Christmas pilgrimage "holy land" Rome Santiago de Compostela apocalypse sin martyrdom asceticism heaven, hell, purgatory vices and virtues grace vs. "works" abolitionism civil rights movement ) social gospel liberation theology moral majority |
Terms from Islam
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Islam/Muslim Allah Arab/Arabic Muhammad Mecca Medina hijra (the emigration) umma (community) caliph (deputy) Qur'an suras tafsir al-Tabari Sufi sunna (custom) hadith (plural: ahahdith) shahada tawhid (unity) shirk (idolatry) "the Age of Ignorance" (al-Jahiliyya) angels, devils, djinn orthodoxy vs. orthopraxy shari'a (law) fiqh (jurisprudence) four criteria: consensus, analogy, sunna, Qur'an |
ijtihad (private reasoning) nabi (prophet) shi'ite imam sunni 'ulama mufti (expert) fatwa "the Five Pillars" salat (prayer) masjid/mosque zakat (almsgiving) sawm (Fast of Ramadan) hajj (pilgrimage) ka'aba jihad (exertion/struggle) circumcision eid (festival) wali (saint) halal (permissible) haram (forbidden) "Last Days" taqwa (reverence) "straight path" wahabbism |